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就要爱慕那纯净的灵奶,像才生的婴孩爱慕奶一样,

叫你们因此渐长,以致得救。

"As newborn babes, desire the sincere (pure) milk of the word,

that you may grow thereby" 1 Peter 2:2 King James Bible

Bible Study "Milk" Section


写给基督徒的:向主交账并永恒的赏赐

Biblical Commands and Principles for a Local Church Meeting

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恩典的救恩因信而得
Arlen Chitwood

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Salvation by Faith Through Grace
Arlen Chitwood

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圣 经 研 习
Arlen Chitwood

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The Study of Scripture
Arlen Chitwood

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写给基督徒的:向主交账并永恒的赏赐

Accountability and Eternal Rewards

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基督徒生与死的抉择

写给基督徒的:生命和死亡之间的选择

The Death/Life Option

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你可以获得永远的安全感 

You Can Be Eternally Secure

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你可以确实的知道! 

You Can Be Sure

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替代之  Substitution 

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救赎   Redemption

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和好   Reconciliation

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挽回祭,神所得着的安抚    Propitiation

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为赢得奖赏赛跑
Run for the Prize
Martha Lever

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尼哥拉主义

(尼哥拉一党人的教训)

Nicolaitanism 


神职人员的兴起和壮大

 The Rise and Growth of the Clergy

格兰特 F. W. Grant

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为什么孩子需要管教

以及如何来做

The Why and How of Child Discipline

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America's Founding

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帮助你寻求主的一种实用方法

How To Seek The Lord “ One Practical Idea

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你在生活当中寻找什么?

What Do You Seek In Life?

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读不读

To Read or Not to Read?

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亚伯和该隐

Abel and Cain

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拣选:上帝在基督里拣选了你

Election “ God choosing you in Christ

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完全  或者  忠实的?

Perfection or Faithfulness?

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你的思想与你

-- 正确思考的力量

You and Your Thoughts──The power of right thinking

雷梅博士 (Dr. Earl D. Radmacher)     左同文 黄宗石

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 (Fake) Marriage 

彼得前书 2:1


 
所以,你们要脱去一切恶毒、一切诡诈、伪善、嫉妒,以及一切的诽谤,



现代标点和合本 (CUVMP Simplified)
 

所以,你们既除去一切的恶毒、诡诈,并假善、嫉妒和一切毁谤的话


 

圣经新译本 (CNV Simplified)


所以要除去一切恶毒、一切诡诈、虚伪、嫉妒和一切毁谤的话,

 

简体中文和合本 (CUV Simplified)
 

所 以 , 你 们 既 除 去 一 切 的 恶 毒 ( 或 译 : 阴 毒 ) 、 诡 诈 , 并 假 善 、 嫉 妒 , 和 一 切 毁 谤 的 话 ,

 

 

彼 得 前 書 3:10     CUV (Simplified)
因 为 经 上 说 : 人 若 爱 生 命 , 愿 享 美 福 , 须 要 禁 止 舌 头 不 出 恶 言 , 嘴 唇 不 说 诡 诈 的 话 ;
約 翰 福 音 1:47      CUV(Simplified)
 
47 耶 稣 看 见 拿 但 业 来 , 就 指 着 他 说 : 「 看 哪 , 这 是 个 真 以 色 列 人 , 他 心 里 是 没 有 诡 诈 的 。 」

 

耶稣说了,见 拿 但 业  是你可以相信的兄弟。他的言语,内心和行动是一致的。

 

 
什么是诡诈的:
用聪明的印象
露面,与您的真实意图不一致,
欺骗性的言语或行为,
一个人的行为与自己的内心不一致

 
这就是为什么信徒不应该假结婚的原因 

 
This is why a believer should not do a fake marriage.

 

 
What is guile :
using cleverness to make an impression,
giving an appearance, not in agreement with your true intentions,
deceptive words or actions,

 

one's actions are not in agreement with one's true heart

 
请将此转嫁给其他信徒。

 


THE MARK (CHIP), THE REVELATION 13:17

Before he became famous for claiming that the elite were a bunch of shapeshifting reptilians, David Icke had made a name for himself by talking about our "microchipped future", where we would all be forced to submit to implantation with a subdermal RFID transponder to track our whereabouts 24/7 and which would replace credit cards and money, as the chips would link our physical bodies to our bank accounts.

Evangelical groups in the 1990s seized upon this idea as a fulfillment of the prophecy in Revelations 13 of the New Testament about "the mark of the beast" being placed into the forehead "so that no man might buy or sell save that he had the mark."

Icke has somewhat retreated from his reptilian claims but the implanted RFID claims were based on real developments, as film producer Aaron Russo discovered when he befriended Nicholas Rockefeller, who told him that the microchipped future was indeed what they had in store for us useless eaters.

It seemed that Verichip would be the industry leader in this technology but they went out of business about a decade ago, after animals used to test the devices developed cancers near the implant injection sites.

Between the cancer concerns and the concerns about device hacking and identity theft - and the fact that mobile phones accomplished everything that Verichip had ever hoped to do, the idea of implantable chips seemed to languish for the past decade. Seven US states even passed laws making the involuntary implantation of such devices illegal.

But the implantable chip is now back with a vengeance and it doesn't just want to be your GPS tracker and your crypto wallet, it wants to make you part of the Borg! And if that wasn't scary enough, the person who warned us about runaway Artificial Intelligence, Elon Musk is the same person who has developed this technology and is explaining to you why you want to implant an AI chip in your brain!

He says, "I'm very close to the cutting edge in AI and it scares the Hell out of me. I tried to convince people to slow down; to slow down AI, to regulate AI. This was futile...the merge scenario seems the best...If you can't beat it, join it. That's like the purpose of Neuralink; to create a high bandwidth interface to the brain such that we can be symbiotic with AI."

Greg Reese, who makes these incredibly arresting video shorts for InfoWars has made this great clip on the topic.

"Elon Musk is ready to begin implanting his [Neuralink] technology on humans as early as next year...The Neuralink chip is made up of a thousand strands of electrodes that will be inserted into the brain by a specialized robot. The chip will act as a sensor affixed to the skull and an interface device will be placed behind the ear. The device will be controlled with an iPhone app."

Musk looks like he's flipped his lid during the product unveiling, seen here, where Neuralink scientist inform us that the basic technology already exists to control the human body and speech. "The technology will not take full control of our brain - at least, at first," says Musk.

In other words, Musk just unveiled "The Singularity" that futurist, Ray Kurzweil has been describing since the early 1990s, when the exponential increase in technologies like computers, genetics, nanotechnology, robotics and artificial intelligence will cause humans to "transcend biology" and to merge with technology.


We can see this being rolled out on these three main tracks:

1. Machine Learning that will become bonafide Artificial Intelligence, when combined with the processing capabilities of

2. Quantum Computing, transmitted via the 3. Internet of Things, initially using 5G millimeter wave technology.


Musk stresses that Neuralink is "Not a mandatory thing," but that, "even in a benign AI scenario, we will be left behind...With a high-bandwidth brain-machine interface, I think we can actually go along for the ride [with the development and the deployment of artificial intelligence] and we can effectively have the option of merging with AI."


印记    (芯片)   启示录 13:17

在他因着声称“精英是一群会变形的爬行动物â€Â而闻名之前,大卫•艾克(David Icke)已经是通过谈论我们的“微芯片种植之未来â€Â而为自己赢得了声望,在他所预见到的未来,我们都将被迫接受皮下RFID转发器的植入,以便724小时地跟踪我们的行踪,并且该设备将会取代信用卡和金钱,因为这些芯片会把我们物质的身体与我们的银行账户关联起来。

20世纪90年代的福音派团体就已经抓住这个想法,认为这就是应验了新约启示录13章中有关将“兽的印记â€Â放在额头上的预言,“除了那受印记、有了兽名或有兽名数目的,都不得做买卖。â€Â

艾克有点撤回了他那爬行动物的说法,但有关植入的RFID之声称则是基于真实的发展,正如电影制片人亚伦•拉索(Aaron Russo)在与尼古拉斯•洛克菲勒(Nicholas Rockefeller)成为朋友时所发现的那样,后者告诉他说微芯片的未来确实就是他们为我们这些“无用的吃货â€Â所预备的。

似乎费雷芯片公司(Verichip)有望成为这项技术的行业领导者,但是在大约十年前它们已经破产,因为用于测试这些设备的动物在种植体的注射部位附近诱发了癌症。

在癌症问题以及对设备之黑客攻击并身份盗窃的担忧之余â€,再加上移动电话已经完成了Verichip曾经希望做到的所有事项这个事实面前,植入式芯片的想法似乎在过去十年中显得萎靡不振。美国有七个州甚至通过了法律,将非自愿性质的植入此类设备之行为列为非法。

但植入式芯片现在已然带着复仇再次卷土重来了,它不仅仅是想成为你的GPS追踪器和你的加密钱包,它甚至还想让你成为博格(Borg)的一部分!如果这不够可怕,那位曾经警告过我们有关失控的人工智能的人,伊隆•马斯克(Elon Musk)就是开发这项技术的同一个人,并正在向你解释为什么你需要在你的大脑中植入人工智能(AI)芯片!

他说,“我非常接近人工智能的最前沿,它如同地狱一般简直要把我吓坏了。我试图说服人们放慢速度;减慢人工智能的发展,制定法律来规范人工智能。这是徒劳无用的......合并的场景似乎是最好的选择...如果你无法击败它,那就加入它吧。这就像神经网络(Neuralink)的目的;为大脑创建一个高带宽的接口,这样我们就可以与人工智能(AI)共生共存。â€Â

为信息战争(InfoWars)制作一些令人难以置信的视频短片的格雷格•里斯(Greg Reese)在这个主题上做了以下这个伟大的剪辑片段。

“伊隆•马斯克准备将他的[神经网络Neuralink]技术植入人体,最早可以在明年就开始...... 这种的神经网络芯片是由一千条电极组成的,这些电极将经由一个专门的机器人插入大脑里面。该芯片将充当一种贴在头骨上的传感器,其接口设备将会放置在耳后的部位。该设备将由iPhone手机的应用程序进行控制。â€Â

马斯克看起来是在其产品揭幕期间把盖子倒过来了,正如在这里所看到的画面,当时神经网络的科学家告诉我们,人们已经掌握了控制人体及其语言的基本技术。 “这项技术不会完全地控制我们的大脑â€至少不是在起初的时刻,â€Â马斯克如此说道。

换句话说,马斯克刚刚揭幕的是未来主义者Ray Kurzweil20世纪90年代初就已经开始描述的“奇点(The Singularityâ€Â,也就是当计算机,遗传学,纳米技术,机器人和人工智能等技术领域都发生指数增长时,将必然导致人类“超越生物学â€Â而与科学技术进行融合。

我们可以看到这将会在以下三个主要轨道上被推出:

1. 机器的自我学习能力(Machine Learning)将成为真正的人工智能,当它与以下的运算处理能力进行联合时

2. 量子计算,通过以下的物联网传输时

3. 万物互联,最初使用的是5G毫米波技术。

马斯克强调说,神经网络(Neuralink“并不是强制性的东西â€Â,但是,“即使是在良性的人工智能的情况下,我们也都会被抛在后面......凭借着高带宽的人脑与机器的界面,我认为我们实际上是可以继续搭乘这班顺风车的[指的是人工智能的开发和部署],我们可以有效地作出明智选择,与AI(人工智能)进行融合。â€Â

Only in the Lord.

1 Corinthians 7:39

7:39 ¦

1 Corinthians 7:39 The wife is bound by the law as long as her husband liveth;

but if her husband be dead,

she is at liberty to be married to whom she will; only in the Lord.

7:39 ;丈 ,妻 ,随 .

There are commands in God's Word, the Bible, to be obeyed,

no compromise, no negotiation.

This is a command from God to be obeyed, it is very direct and simple, easy to read and see. It is for believers in the Lord Jesus, for both sisters and brothers to obey. Christians are commanded by God to only marry believers! 1 Corinthians 7:39 God clearly and directly commands Christians to marry only in the Lord.

2 Corinthians 6:14  Do not be bound together with unbelievers; for what partnership have righteousness and lawlessness, or what fellowship has light with darkness?

6:14 

  God again says not to be bound together with unbelievers, not to have partnership with them (this would include business dealings too) and not to fellowship with them. But of course, one should witness to unbelievers. but not as boyfriend girlfriend relationship. If you have an unbelieving friend, you certainly can witness to them, but never become a boy-girlfriend relationship. Such a relationship is not going anywhere good with an unbeliever. It only allows the Devil to use that unbeliever to destroy your life. The Old Testament teaches this very clearly, which I will show you later.

Recently though I have found that even Christian leaders in China and the West are both denying the simplicity and directness of this command, that is, though they may agree it means only marry a believer they will still not discourage the relationship and/or perform the marriage ceremony for a mixed marriage, a believer and unbeliever. Some may say it is not the best marriage relationship, but one can do it. Such lies these preachers promote. This is disobedience to God™s command, marry only in the Lord. May God be merciful.

When you die,

you will go to the Judgment Seat of Christ to which all Christians must appear,

2 Corinthians 5:10 For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ; that every one may receive the things done in his body, according to that he hath done, whether it be good or bad. 5:10  ? . God will rightly bring forth His judgment on all unconfessed disobedience, there will be a loss and it could easily result in the loss of entering and ruling in the future Kingdom of Christ on earth, which is the reason why man was created.

Marriage is important and God has commands regarding it.

But marriage is not the goal of a believer™s life.

Marriage is not the primary issue in life.

1 Corinthians 7:29  But this I say, brethren, the time is short, so that from now on,

that both they that have wives be as though they had none;

7:29 ;

but ruling in the future Kingdom of Christ on earth is the first and foremost goal of life!

Chinese sisters are continually disobeying God™s Word, dating and marrying unbelieving men. And when a sister or brother marries an unbeliever, God will immediately discipline them and spiritual growth stops or is stunted for life. It is very, very difficult to overcome the negative results of purposely disobeying a direct, easy to understand command of God. Sometimes one will never overcome the negative consequences of directly, pridefully, sinning against the Lord by marrying an unbeliever.

Believing Christ as Savior is the most important decision in life, but who one marries is typically understood to be the second most important decision. Believing Christ determines one™s eternal destiny and who one marries effects one™s entire life on earth. Both are major decisions.

One should never get married thinking divorce will never occur. Divorce can always occur in marriage. It only takes one mate in marriage to divorce and the other mate has little or nothing they can do about it. Love does not force the mate to stay, if they want to leave. Divorce rates continue to go up in China. So be forewarned, you marry you may end up divorced.

People are always changing for better or worse and certainly a mate can change their commitment, if they even ever had one, and divorce. So never marry unless you are willing to be divorced. God created man with a free will to choose to obey or not, and He lost man, gave him a second opportunity by dying on the Cross for man, but God still loses some. So if God can lose some men to unbelief, surely small man can lose a mate in marriage to divorce. Something to think about.

What is your goal in life?

Chinese goals in life are to make money, get a job and car, get married, have children,

have a family and so on.

Psalms 17:14 From men with Your hand, O Lord, From men of the world, 

whose portion is in this life, And whose belly You fill with Your treasure;

They are satisfied with children, And leave their abundance to their babes.

17:14  ,求 ,脱 ;他 ,将 .

Children are not the true satisfaction in life.

Marriage is not the true satisfaction in life.

God created marriage for a purpose, but it was not created to satisfy all of your needs.

Isaiah 54:4-6 4 Fear not; for thou shalt not be ashamed:¦..

and shalt not remember the reproach of thy widowhood any more.

5 For thy Maker is thine husband; the Lord of hosts is his name;

and thy Redeemer the Holy One of Israel;

The God of the whole earth shall he be called.

6 For the Lord hath called thee as a woman forsaken and grieved in spirit,

and a wife of youth, when thou wast refused, saith thy God.

54:4-6 4 

There are many other verses teaching against what Chinese traditionally think is important.

Luke 18:29 And Jesus said to them, Truly I say to you, 

there is no one who has left house or wife or brothers or parents or children,

for the sake of the kingdom of God,

18:29  : , ,

,弟 ,父 ,儿 ,

Matthew 19:29, Mark 10:29, all spoken by the Lord while on earth, and 1 Corinthians 7:29.

Chinese traditional goals for life are not God™s goal for your life!

God™s goal for your life is found in these words,

Psalms 17:15 As for me, I will behold thy face in righteousness: I shall be satisfied,

when I awake, with thy likeness.

Matthew 6:33 But seek ye first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness;

& all these things shall be added unto you.

17:15   . 馬 6:33  西

If God wants you to marry, which typically happens, then He will provide a believing mate for you at the right time and place, until then you seek the Lord, His Righteousness. Kingdom and know Him better and better for this is the reason God created you,

then you will be satisfied in life.

 

Now what about Dating?

Please remember, God™s Word is the standard for our life. We do not live by Chinese culture or traditions. God has His own culture, His way for us to live, His thinking, doing and feeling, which is the best way for us, the most joyful and satisfying. There is no where in the Bible God commands dating. Dating is unbelieving man™s method for whatever reasons. People date for many reasons, to have a good time, play, eat and talk, look for a person to go to bed with, whether for one night or many.

But dating, if it occurs, should only be for one specific purpose, that is, two people are Christians, both are seeking the Lord, His Righteousness, and His Kingdom, and are interested in getting married to one another. One should never date a person that they are not intending to marry. Did you read that? One should never date a person that they are not intending to marry.

Dating just to date has no goal or direction and most times ends with bad results. The Devil will surely use the unbeliever to destroy a Christian™s life. The Devil is a Thief and the Thief only has one purpose to steal, kill and destroy a believer™s life. John 10:10 The thief comes only to steal, and kill, and destroy; I (Jesus) came that they (you) might have life, and might have it in abundance.

There is no abundant living in an unbeliever. I have never yet met an unbeliever that has a high quality of life. Unbelievers live a very low quality of life. As an unbeliever I was also living a low quality of life. They can not answer correctly the important questions of life. Since they have no understanding of real life, they have no good meaning, direction, or purpose in life. And the Devil can easily use them, since they live in darkness and in the Devil™s kingdom, to destroy Christians lives. There are millions of stories like this and you will just be another Bad Story as you spend unrighteous time with an unbeliever in a boy-girlfriend relationship.

There are many ways for sisters and brothers to meet and get to know one another beyond dating. Christians should be committed to a local church and Biblically function in the church. This would be a typical way for Christians to meet. A good local church is one that is unknown and with good teaching. Very difficult to find such a local church.

When it is God™s time for a sister and brother to meet for marriage, He will bring them together. Until that time a person should be growing and functioning in their own home with the parents teaching them how to live life. Also the local church has its own life, and Christians should be growing in the Lord and functioning in the local church.

Now I realize all the problems society has today. Parents are separated and divorced, families only have one child and so no siblings to relate to, children live with their grandparents, no love or training from their parents or grandparents, maybe no local church to be a part of, poor teaching and leadership in a local church and so on. These are very real problems. This message is not directed to answer these problems.

Remember God says

Ephesians 5:8 for you were formerly darkness, but now you are Light in the Lord;

walk as children of Light

Colossians 1:13 For He rescued us from the domain of darkness,

and transferred us to the kingdom of His beloved Son(which is in the Light,

there is NO darkness in God or in His Kingdom),

5:8 ˜ . 歌 西 1:13 

Ephesians 5:8 clearly teaches that all men live in darkness, in Satan™s Kingdom, until they believe in Jesus Christ as their Savior. As Christians we become Light in the Lord and are to walk in the Light of the Lord. But this verse also shows that Christians can live in disobedience and darkness. Believers who disobey God, date and marry unbelievers. walk in darkness.

If God gives a command to believers to obey, then the believer can also disobey that command. If believers can not disobey commands, then we have become robots only doing what we have been programmed to do. But that is not true. God has saved us to be free from Satan™s Kingdom and has given us freedom to obey Him and His commands. Love does not force anyone to do something they do not want to do. God has given believers a free will to obey or disobey, know God or not to know God, love God or not to love God. Loving God means obeying God. There is a great difference between believing Jesus Christ as your Savior AND growing up in Christ, knowing and loving God, obeying His commands.

1 John 2:3-6 By this we know that we have come to know Him, if we keep His commandments. 4 The one who says, I have come to know Him, and does not keep His commandments, is a liar, and the truth is not in him; 5 but whoever keeps His word, in him the love of God has truly been perfected. By this we know that we are in Him: 6 the one who says he abides in Him ought himself to walk in the same manner as He walked.

2:3-6 3  便 .

Again, you may believe in a person, but you may not know them. This is just a fact of life.

It takes time to know people and it takes time to know God,

in fact, we will get to know God through all eternity.

There is a difference between the Free Gift of God AND the Reward (Prize).

Ephesians 2:8 For by grace you have been saved through faith;

and that not of yourselves, it is the gift of God

2:8  ,乃

1 Corinthians 9:24 Do you not know that those who run in a race all run,

but only one receives the prize (Reward)?

9:24 

All believers enter the race of life when they receive Jesus Christ as Savior.

At that time they received the Free Gift of salvation,

but few believers will receive the Prize (Reward).

The Free Gift is Free, BUT we must work by grace and faith for the Prize (Reward).

A GREAT ILLUSTRATION OF THE ABOVE TRUTHS

NEVER FORGET IT

A person is born into this world physically. This is a real historical event in a person™s life.

BUT this baby must now grow to learn to know who his parents are,

to love and obey his parents!

The same is true in the spiritual realm. We believe Jesus Christ as Savior,

which a three year old child can do.

BUT now the new believer must learn to listen to God, know and love God, obey God.

And most believers will never, no never, grow up. This is a fact of life.

The whole Bible teaches this truth.

You can read the Book of Hebrews over and over again to learn this is true.

Now I realize false teachers, and there are so many of them, do not believe nor teach the above simple truths of Salvation, Justification and Sanctification. But that is their problem and they will be severely judged at the Judgment Seat of Christ, 2 Corinthians 5:10, for leading so many believers into a dark unfruitful life.

See http://zhangdaderen.com/SOUL-PROJECT_Chinese.pdf

7 COMMANDS TO OVERCOME SIN

Believe God and do not be involved with an unbeliever in a boy-girlfriend relationship.

Confess(agree with God) your sins of disobedience to God.

REPENT(turn from your sin) and tell God you will never do it again.

Then seek the Lord to obey, know, love Him with a whole heart.

Overcome your sin.

Seek His Kingdom

Seek His righteousness.

The first three may be easy but seeking the Lord and overcoming your sins, seeking His Kingdom and His righteousness require grace, faith, work and time. The Lord promises to reward you greatly! If you do not seek the Lord and don™t overcome your sins, you will continue to fall back into them over and over again. This is just a fact of life.

A child will keep falling until he learns to walk. He will keep falling until he overcomes falling and learns to walk. This is life.

 

Biblical Truths In The Old Testament Regarding Relationships?

How Did God Deal With Believing Israel In The Old Testament

When They Had Wrong Relationships With Unbelievers?

There are so many examples in the Old Testament of believers separating from darkness, I will only give a few.

1) Genesis 1:1-4 In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. 2 The earth was formless and void, and darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God was moving over the surface of the waters. 3 Then God said, Let there be light; and there was light. 4 God saw that the light was good; and God separated the light from the darkness.

1:1-4 1 

Genesis 1:1,2 God created a perfect world, a perfect universe. The universe was full of light and there is no darkness in God. Satan a good angel at that time ruled over the earth. Then he became greedy and prideful and fell into sin. And God judged that 1st world with darkness and Satan fell. And God created a 2nd world which we live in now. And in the future God will destroy this 2nd world and create the 3rd world. Three is a perfect number.

See http://zhangdaderen.com/milk.htm 圣经研习Study of Scripture, Chapter 2

Genesis 1:3 God did not let the world stay in darkness but He created light.

Genesis 1:4 And God separated the Light from the Darkness.

This is the basis of all Scriptural teaching regarding Light and Darkness being separated. Remember, as believers we are Light and we are to separate ourselves from the Darkness of this world. We are in the world but we are not of this world. We are to be a witness to the world but we are not to live like the world. We witness to unbelievers in words and action but we are not to have unbelieving boyfriends or girlfriends, we are not to marry unbelievers! But as you know, most Christians do not obey this most basic of God™s truth. We intermingle with the world, live like the world and therefore we are weak, sick, some are disciplined by the Lord and die in sin, 1 Corinthians 11:30, and all live an un-powerful, boring, dark life.

2) Genesis 6:11-13 Now the earth was corrupt in the sight of God, and the earth was filled with violence. 12 God looked on the earth, and behold, it was corrupt; for all flesh had corrupted their way upon the earth. 13 Then God said to Noah, The end of all flesh has come before Me; for the earth is filled with violence because of them; and behold, I am about to destroy them with the earth.

6:11-13 11  . 12  ,见 . 13 

Another separation from darkness and wicked occurs with Noah. God is separating Noah, a righteous man (Genesis 6:9) from the evil, wicked, dark world. God brings judgment on the wicked world and physically saves Noah and his family and brings them into a world separated from the wickedness.

3) Ezra chapters 9 & 10

Note these verses:

Ezra 9:1b-2 The people of Israel and the priests and the Levites have not separated themselves from the peoples of the lands, according to their abominations, those of the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Jebusites, the Ammonites, the Moabites, the Egyptians and the Amorites. 2 For they have taken some of their daughters as wives for themselves and for their sons, so that the holy race has intermingled with the peoples of the lands; indeed, the hands of the princes and the rulers have been foremost in this unfaithfulness. 

9:1-2 1 

Note the leaders of Israel were the most unfaithful in marrying unbelievers, and the people also did sin against God.

Ezra 9:4 Then everyone who trembled at the words of the God of Israel on account of the unfaithfulness of the exiles gathered to me, and I sat appalled until the evening offering.

9:4 

Note the believing people who lived in sin trembled at the words of God.

Do you fellow believers in Christ tremble at God™s Word for having unbelieving boy-girlfriends

Do you tremble for going to bed with them?

Do you tremble for marrying unbelievers? Your sins are so serious and you live such a low level of life you can not even see Light when it is shining upon you. You have been blinded by your sins! You need to cry out to God for grace and mercy to revive you. You need to separate immediately from unbelieving boy-girl friends.

But you can not separate from your marriage mate, unless they want to leave you, and you can never encourage them to leave you. 1 Corinthians 7:13,15 And a woman who has an unbelieving husband, and he consents to live with her, she must not send her husband away. 15 Yet if the unbelieving one leaves, let him leave; the brother or the sister is not under bondage in such cases, but God has called us to peace.

7:13,15 13  15 

Ezra 10:3a  So now let us make a covenant with our God to put away all the wives and their children¦

10:3 

Note, these believers believed God™s Word, they confessed and repented from their sin of having unbelieving mates. They put them away means they separated from them and sent them away to go to their own unbelieving nations. At this time this was the right thing because Israel was God™s people, but it can not be done today according to 1Corinthians 7:13,15.

Ezra 10:11b separate yourselves from the peoples of the land & from the foreign wives.

The same is true today with Christians. We are not to have unbelieving boy-girlfriends. We are commanded by God to marry only in the Lord.

10:11  .

Ezra 10:14 until the fierce anger of our God on account of this matter is turned away from us. God is angry with Israel™s sins and is not blessing them, God is judging them. And the same is true today with Christians. Believers are under the discipline of God for having unbelieving boyfriends or girlfriends. And if you have sinfully married an unbeliever you need to believe God™s Word, confess and repent from your past sin.

10:14 ,同 , ,神 .

1 Corinthians 11:30 For this reason many among you are weak and sick, and a number sleep (die). 11:30 

Why do you think believers in your local church are so weak, physically and spiritually?

Why do you think so many believers are sick, physically weak?

Why do some believers die an untimely death, a death before they are old?

Why do most Christians in China do not read their Bible, pray or attend a local church?

They live in sin and God is disciplining them and they are weak, sick and ready to die.

4) Nehemiah 13:23-27 In those days I also saw that the Jews had married women from Ashdod, Ammon and Moab. 24 As for their children, half spoke in the language of Ashdod, and none of them was able to speak the language of Judah, but the language of his own people. 25 So I contended with them and cursed them and struck some of them and pulled out their hair, and made them swear by God, You shall not give your daughters to their sons, nor take of their daughters for your sons or for yourselves. 26 Did not Solomon king of Israel sin regarding these things? Yet among the many nations there was no king like him, and he was loved by his God, and God made him king over all Israel; nevertheless the foreign women caused even him to sin. 27 Do we then hear about you that you have committed all this great evil by acting unfaithfully against our God by marrying foreign women?

13:23-27 23  24  25  26 

27 

Again we see years later that believing Israel still had not learned to obey God. To believe Christ as Savior is easy, but to grow is difficult. But the only satisfying life on earth is obeying God and growing up. And to receive eternal rewards and to reign with Christ in His Kingdom on earth we must obey and grow now.

You see what the man of God did, Nehemiah? He fought with those who had married foreigners, Nehemiah cursed them, he beat some physically and pulled out some of their hair. He was angry with them for disobeying God. God will discipline Christians today who disobey Him and have unbelieving boy-girlfriends and marry unbelievers.

CONCLUSION

The Word of God is very clear: marry only in the Lord. 1 Corinthians 7:39.  We are to only marry fellow believers and preferably believers who obey God and are growing. Christians who have unbelieving boy-girlfriends, God says Do not be bound together with unbelievers; for what partnership have righteousness and lawlessness, or what fellowship has light with darkness?

As a Christian believer, your choice is to obey God or not. The consequences are blessings and growth for obedience, discipline and loss of rewards now and in the future for disobedience. You disobey God you disobey the very reason why God created you.

It is a terrible thing (for you believer) to fall into the hands of the living God (and be judged by Him).

 


六个你不想当富人的理由

大多数人都曾买过彩票,虽然我们都知道获胜的几率使得每次购买都成了一种可疑的经济行为,但无论如何我们都这样做。 在某种程度上来说,我们只是购买一个幻想。 我们问自己:我会用数百万美元做什么?我们设想着一些奇特而美妙的东西,例如买一艘超级游艇,带着所有的朋友去环球旅行。

我们没想到的是变富的结果比我们现有的情况更糟糕,而且这种情况比人们料想的要多得多。彩票赢家并不是唯一的暴富群体,众所周知,运动员、演员、甚至科技亿万富豪也都因暴富而受到影响。 下面是六个你不想变富的原因。

人们经常讨论纳税问题,而与暴富有关的纳税问题也是真实的。彩票奖金的联邦税率为39.6%。,而实际上,只有25%的联邦税被扣留,国家时常需要大量的奖金,地方税可能适用。 如果您决定分享自己的奖金,这种慷慨行为并不能减免税费或分担纳税义务。

虽然这不是回避中彩票的理由,但在你以狂热的消费方式击中巴哈马之前,必须牢记这一点。对于那些真正赚钱的亿万富翁来说,美国的税率是 39.6%。 也就是说,他们很少支付这笔费用。 他们的律师费要低于他们逃的税。

钱真的买不到幸福

这可能是陈词滥调,但它却是事实:金钱买不到幸福。尽管人们在中奖后立即表示幸福感增加了,但从长远来看,他们实际上并不开心。 为什么? 显然,中彩票使普通的日常生活变得不那么愉快了。

暴富综合症

暴富综合征是一种有据可查的现象,这是当一个不习惯大笔资金的人突然发现自己拥有了前所未有的现金时经常发生的事情。他们把这些钱花在荒谬的事情上,豪宅、豪车和糟糕的投资。 据一项研究显示:44%的中奖者在五年后破产, 三分之一的人正式宣布破产。据体育画报估计,60%的NFL球员在他们的合同结束五年后就身无分文了。所以找一份正常的工作赚钱生活要好过突然发现自己失业并得申请破产。

爱,家人和朋友

一项对数千名彩票获奖者的调查发现,在中奖后的三年中,赢得大量奖金的女性比赢得较少奖金的女性结婚的可能性要低40%。

不同的报纸对此有不同的解释,有些报道称是因为这些女性找不到真爱,另一些报道称是因为这些女性更享受单身生活。

尽管许多夫妇在彩票中奖后离婚,但研究发现离婚与彩票中奖并没有关系。有报道也指出,当曾经信任的同志变成了无耻的水蛭,友谊也随之终结了。

有趣的是,因暴富而被所爱的人谋杀的事情也时有发生。威廉•波斯特三世在中彩票后就被他兄弟雇佣的杀手盯上了。 Ibi Roncaioli 被丈夫毒死。 Urooj Khan 在领取了彩票奖金后的第二天就死于氰化物中毒,而他那时刚刚与妻子和女儿吃完晚餐,也正是她们瓜分了奖金。

膨胀的自我

如果你设法还清税款,明智地消费,维持和谐健康的人际关系,你仍然会发现暴富会让你变成一个连曾经的你都不太喜欢的人。

对于已经获得丰厚收入的人尤其如此。当演员、运动员或说唱歌手肯定需要才能,但这些人并不像那些靠最低工资养家活口的人那样辛苦地工作, 他们也不具备火箭科学家的技能。 可以说,我们的社会高估了他们的服务并为他们提供了高额的工资,而这些夸大的工资有时会导致自我膨胀。

我真的很喜欢用Kanye West 作为例证,但事实证明,在赚钱之前他认为自己就像上帝一样。 还有很多例子, 贾斯汀比伯,凯瑟琳海格尔和麦当娜只是一些知名度特别高的演员,他们都一样让人无法忍受。

科技亿万富翁也陷入财富陷阱。许多科技亿万富翁通过一些才能和运气获得了财富,但成功很快冲昏了他们的头脑。 Mark Cuban 为例,他于1999年以57亿美元的价格将一家科技公司出售给了雅虎。最近古巴人吹嘘说如果他竞选总统,他可以击败希拉里克林顿并粉碎唐纳德特朗普。

有钱可能会让你变得保守。

如果保持自由主义的敏感性对你很重要,那么或许中彩票并不能帮助你保持对自己的忠诚。在英国沃里克大学的一项引人入胜的研究中,彩票中奖者倾向于转向支持右翼政党,变得不那么平等。 胜利越大,越多的人向右倾斜。


https://www.thealternativedaily.com/reasons-you-dont-want-to-get-rich/

6 Reasons You Don™t Want To Get Rich

The Alternative Daily - June 13, 2016 ”Erin Wildermuth

Most people have bought a lottery ticket at one point or another. We all know the odds of winning makes each ticket purchase a questionable economic action, but we do it anyway. In part, we™re paying for a nudge to the imagination. We ask ourselves: What would I do with millions of dollars? We imagine something fanciful and wonderful, something like buying a super yacht and taking all of our friends on an around-the-world tour.

What we don™t imagine is winding up worse off than we already are, but this happens more often than one might think. Lottery winners aren™t the only recipients of easy cash. Athletes, actors and even tech billionaires have been known to suffer as a result of sudden wealth. Here are six reasons you don™t want to get rich.

Taxes

Though commonly discussed, the tax problems associated with landfall riches are real. Federal taxes on lottery winnings are 39.6 percent. Only 25 percent is actually withheld for federal taxes. Oftentimes the state also demands a chunk of winnings. Local taxes might apply. If you decide to share your winnings, that generosity will not include a lessening or sharing of tax obligations.

While this is no reason to shun a lottery win, it is certainly something to keep in mind before hitting the Bahamas on a spending spree.

For those billionaires that actually earn their money, the US tax bracket is 39.6 percent. That said, they rarely pay that amount. Their lawyers are less expensive than the taxes they dodge.

Money really can™t buy happiness

It may be a cliché, but it™s true: money can™t buy happiness. Though people report increased happiness levels immediately after the win, they are actually less happy in the long run. Why? Apparently winning the lottery makes mundane, everyday events less pleasurable.

Sudden wealth syndrome

Sudden wealth syndrome is a well-documented phenomenon. It™s what often happens when someone unaccustomed to large sums of money suddenly finds themselves with an unprecedented amount of cash. They spend it on ridiculous things.

Multiple homes, fancy cars and terrible investments are par for the course. According to one study, 44 percent of people who win the lottery are broke five years later. A third actually declare bankruptcy. Sports Illustrated estimates that 60 percent of NFL players are dead broke just five years after their contracts end.

Better to work a regular job and have money for your bills than find yourself unemployed and filing for bankruptcy.

Love, family and friends

A survey of thousands of lottery winners found that women who won a large amount were 40 percent less likely to marry in the next three years than those who won lesser amounts. Different papers have read this in different ways, with some reporting the woman can™t find love and others assuming that they are enjoying the single life.

Despite many examples of couples who have divorced following lottery winnings, studies find no correlation between divorce and a lottery win. Several accounts point to dissolving friendships as once-trusted comrades become shameless leeches.

Interestingly, murder by loved ones isn™t off the table. William Post the Third had a hitman after him following his lottery win. The would-be killer had been hired by his brother. Ibi Roncaioli was poisoned by her husband. Urooj Khan died of cyanide poisoning the day after collecting his lottery winnings. He had just finished dinner with his wife and daughter, who split the winnings.

Inflated ego

If you manage to pay off your taxes, spend wisely, and keep your relationships happy and healthy, you may still find that sudden wealth turns you into a person the old you wouldn™t much like.

This is especially true of people who have earned their riches. Being an actor, athlete or rapper certainly takes talent, but these people don™t work as hard as those supporting a family on minimum wage. Nor do they possess the skills of a rocket scientist. Arguably, our society overvalues their services and provides them with heavily inflated wages. These inflated wages sometimes lead to an inflated ego.

I would really like to use Kanye West as an illustration, but it turns out he thought himself god-like before making any money at all. There are still plenty of examples. Justin Bieber, Katherine Heigl and Madonna are just a few top performers who are known to be particularly unbearable.

Tech billionaires also fall into this trap of fortune. Many a tech billionaire arrived at their fortune through a bit of talent and a lot of luck, but success quickly goes to their heads. Take Mark Cuban, for example. He sold a tech company to Yahoo for $5.7 billion in 1999. Recently Cuban boasted that he could beat Hillary Clinton and crush Donald Trump if he ran for president.

Having money might make you a conservative

If maintaining liberal sensibilities are important to you, then perhaps winning the lottery will not help you remain true to yourself. In a fascinating study from the University of Warwick in the UK, lottery winners tend to switch towards support for a right-wing political party and to become less egalitarian. The larger the win, the more people tilt to the right.

 

https://medium.com/@richardnfreed/the-tech-industrys-psychological-war-on-kids-c452870464ce

Richard Freed

Child and adolescent psychologist, and the author of Wired Child: Reclaiming Childhood in a Digital Age

Mar 11, 2018

The Tech Industry™s War on Kids

How psychology is being used as a weapon against children

We called the police because she wrecked her room and hit her mom¦ all because we took her phone, Kelly™s father explained. He said that when the police arrived that evening, Kelly was distraught and told an officer that she wanted to kill herself. So an ambulance was called, and the 15-year-old was strapped to a gurney, taken to a psychiatric hospital, and monitored for safety before being released. Days after being hospitalized, Kelly was brought to my office by her parents who wanted to get help for their troubled girl.

Kelly™s parents spoke first. They said that their daughter™s hospitalization was the culmination of a yearlong downward spiral spurred by her phone obsession. Kelly had been refusing to spend time with her family or focus on school. Instead, she favored living her life on social media. A previously happy girl and strong student, Kelly had grown angry, sullen, and was now bringing home report cards with sinking grades. Kelly™s parents had tried many times in prior months to set limits on their daughter™s phone use, but she had become increasingly defiant and deceitful, even sneaking on her phone at all hours of the night.

When Kelly™s latest report card revealed a number of failing grades, her parents felt compelled to act. They told Kelly early in the afternoon on the day the police were called that she would need to turn in her phone by 9 p.m. But when the time came, Kelly refused, and a pushing match ensued between her and her parents, concluding in the violent tantrum that led the girl to be hospitalized.

I asked Kelly, who was sitting in a corner, to help me understand her perspective on that evening. She didn™t respond and instead glared at her parents. But then, surprising everyone in the room, she cried, They took my f***ing phone! Attempting to engage Kelly in conversation, I asked her what she liked about her phone and social media. They make me happy, she replied.

The Undoing of Families

As Kelly and her family continued their appointments with me in the coming months, two concerns dominated our meetings. The first was that Kelly™s unhealthy attachment to her phone continued, causing almost constant tension at home. The second concern emerged during my meetings with Kelly™s parents alone. Even though they were loving and involved parents, Kelly™s mom couldn™t help feeling that they™d failed their daughter and must have done something terribly wrong that led to her problems.

My practice as a child and adolescent psychologist is filled with families like Kelly™s. These parents say their kids™ extreme overuse of phones, video games, and social media is the most difficult parenting issue they faceand, in many cases, is tearing the family apart. Preteen and teen girls refuse to get off their phones, even though it™s remarkably clear that the devices are making them miserable. I also see far too many boys whose gaming obsessions lead them to forgo interest in school, extracurricular activities, and anything else productive. Some of these boys, as they reach their later teens, use their large bodies to terrorize parents who attempt to set gaming limits. A common thread running through many of these cases is parent guilt, as so many are certain they did something to put their kids on a destructive path.

What none of these parents understand is that their children™s and teens™ destructive obsession with technology is the predictable consequence of a virtually unrecognized merger between the tech industry and psychology. This alliance pairs the consumer tech industry™s immense wealth with the most sophisticated psychological research, making it possible to develop social media, video games, and phones with drug-like power to seduce young users.

These parents have no idea that lurking behind their kids™ screens and phones are a multitude of psychologists, neuroscientists, and social science experts who use their knowledge of psychological vulnerabilities to devise products that capture kids™ attention for the sake of industry profit. What these parents and most of the world have yet to grasp is that psychologya discipline that we associate with healingis now being used as a weapon against children.

Machines Designed to Change Humans

Nestled in an unremarkable building on the Stanford University campus in Palo Alto, California, is the Stanford Persuasive Technology Lab, founded in 1998. The lab™s creator, Dr. B.J. Fogg, is a psychologist and the father of persuasive technology, a discipline in which digital machines and appsincluding smartphones, social media, and video gamesare configured to alter human thoughts and behaviors. As the lab™s website boldly proclaims: Machines designed to change humans.

Fogg speaks openly of the ability to use smartphones and other digital devices to change our ideas and actions: We can now create machines that can change what people think and what people do, and the machines can do that autonomously. Called the millionaire maker, Fogg has groomed former students who have used his methods to develop technologies that now consume kids™ lives. As he recently touted on his personal website, My students often do groundbreaking projects, and they continue having impact in the real world after they leave Stanford¦ For example, Instagram has influenced the behavior of over 800 million people. The co-founder was a student of mine.

Intriguingly, there are signs that Fogg is feeling the heat from recent scrutiny of the use of digital devices to alter behavior. His boast about Instagram, which was present on his website as late as January of 2018, has been removed. Fogg™s website also has lately undergone a substantial makeover, as he now seems to go out of his way to suggest his work has benevolent aims, commenting, I teach good people how behavior works so they can create products & services that benefit everyday people around the world. Likewise, the Stanford Persuasive Technology Lab website optimistically claims, Persuasive technologies can bring about positive changes in many domains, including health, business, safety, and education. We also believe that new advances in technology can help promote world peace in 30 years.

While Fogg emphasizes persuasive design™s sunny future, he is quite indifferent to the disturbing reality now: that hidden influence techniques are being used by the tech industry to hook and exploit users for profit. His enthusiastic vision also conveniently neglects to include how this generation of children and teens, with their highly malleable minds, is being manipulated and hurt by forces unseen.

Weaponizing Persuasion

If you haven™t heard of persuasive technology, that™s no accidenttech corporations would prefer it to remain in the shadows, as most of us don™t want to be controlled and have a special aversion to kids being manipulated for profit. Persuasive technology (also called persuasive design) works by deliberately creating digital environments that users feel fulfill their basic human drivesto be social or obtain goalsbetter than real-world alternatives. Kids spend countless hours in social media and video game environments in pursuit of likes, friends, game points, and levelsbecause it™s stimulating, they believe that this makes them happy and successful, and they find it easier than doing the difficult but developmentally important activities of childhood.

While persuasion techniques work well on adults, they are particularly effective at influencing the still-maturing child and teen brain. Video games, better than anything else in our culture, deliver rewards to people, especially teenage boys, says Fogg. Teenage boys are wired to seek competency. To master our world and get better at stuff. Video games, in dishing out rewards, can convey to people that their competency is growing, you can get better at something second by second. And it™s persuasive design that™s helped convince this generation of boys they are gaining competency by spending countless hours on game sites, when the sad reality is they are locked away in their rooms gaming, ignoring school, and not developing the real-world competencies that colleges and employers demand.

Likewise, social media companies use persuasive design to prey on the age-appropriate desire for preteen and teen kids, especially girls, to be socially successful. This drive is built into our DNA, since real-world relational skills have fostered human evolution. The Huffington Post article, What Really Happens On a Teen Girl™s iPhone describes the life of 14-year-old Casey from Millburn, New Jersey. With 580 friends on Instagram and 1,110 on Facebook, she™s preoccupied with the number of likes her Facebook profile picture receives compared with her peers. As she says, If you don™t get 100 ˜likes,™ you make other people share it so you get 100¦. Or else you just get upset. Everyone wants to get the most ˜likes.™ It™s like a popularity contest.

Article author Bianca Bosker says that there are costs to Casey™s phone obsession, noting that the girl™s phone, be it Facebook, Instagram or iMessage, is constantly pulling her away from her homework, sleep, or conversations with her family. Casey says she wishes she could put her phone down. But she can™t. I™ll wake up in the morning and go on Facebook just¦ because, she says. It™s not like I want to or I don™t. I just go on it. I™m, like, forced to. I don™t know why. I need to. Facebook takes up my whole life.

Important Questions Are Simply Not Asked

B.J. Fogg may not be a household name, but Fortune Magazine calls him a New Guru You Should Know, and his research is driving a worldwide legion of user experience (UX) designers who utilize and expand upon his models of persuasive design. As Forbes Magazine writer Anthony Wing Kosner notes, No one has perhaps been as influential on the current generation of user experience (UX) designers as Stanford researcher B.J. Fogg.

UX designers come from many disciplines, including psychology as well as brain and computer sciences. However, the core of some UX research is about using psychology to take advantage of our human vulnerabilities. That™s particularly pernicious when the targets are children. As Fogg is quoted in Kosner™s Forbes article, Facebook, Twitter, Google, you name it, these companies have been using computers to influence our behavior. However, the driving force behind behavior change isn™t computers. The missing link isn™t the technology, it™s psychology, says Fogg.

UX researchers not only often follow Fogg™s design model, but some may also share his apparent tendency to overlook the broader implications of persuasive design. They focus on the task at hand, building digital machines and apps that better demand users™ attention, compel users to return again and again, and grow businesses™ bottom line. Less considered can be how the world™s children are affected by thousands of UX designers working simultaneously to pull them onto a multitude of digital devices and products at the expense of real life.

According to B.J. Fogg, the Fogg Behavior Model is a well-tested method to change behavior and, in its simplified form, involves three primary factors: motivation, ability, and triggers. Describing how his formula is effective at getting people to use a social network, the psychologist says in an academic paper that a key motivator is users™ desire for social acceptance, although he says an even more powerful motivator is the desire to avoid being socially rejected. Regarding ability, Fogg suggests that digital products should be made so that users don™t have to think hard. Hence, social networks are designed for ease of use. Finally, Fogg says that potential users need to be triggered to use a site. This is accomplished by a myriad of digital tricks, including the sending of incessant notifications urging users to view friends™ pictures, telling them they are missing out while not on the social network, or suggesting that they checkyet againto see if anyone liked their post or photo.

Fogg™s formula is the blueprint for building multibillion dollar social media and gaming companies. However, moral questions about the impact of turning persuasive techniques on children and teens are not being asked. For example, should the fear of social rejection be used to compel kids to compulsively use social media? Is it okay to lure kids away from school tasks that demand a strong mental effort so they can spend their lives on social networks or playing video games that don™t make them think much at all? And is it okay to incessantly trigger kids to use revenue-producing digital products at the expense of engaging with family and other important real-life activities?

Brain Hacking

Persuasive technologies work because of their apparent triggering of the release of dopamine, a powerful neurotransmitter involved in reward, attention, and addiction. In the Venice region of Los Angeles, now dubbed Silicon Beach, the startup Dopamine Labs boasts about its use of persuasive techniques to increase profits: Connect your app to our Persuasive AI [Artificial Intelligence] and lift your engagement and revenue up to 30% by giving your users our perfect bursts of dopamine, and A burst of Dopamine doesn™t just feel good: it™s proven to re-wire user behavior and habits.

Ramsay Brown, the founder of Dopamine Labs, says in a KQED Science article, We have now developed a rigorous technology of the human mind, and that is both exciting and terrifying. We have the ability to twiddle some knobs in a machine learning dashboard we build, and around the world hundreds of thousands of people are going to quietly change their behavior in ways that, unbeknownst to them, feel second-nature but are really by design. Programmers call this brain hacking, as it compels users to spend more time on sites even though they mistakenly believe it™s strictly due to their own conscious choices.

Social networks and video games use the trusted brain-manipulation technique of variable reward (think slot machine). Users never know when they will get the next like or game reward, and it™s delivered at the perfect time to foster maximal stimulation and keep them on the site. Banks of computers employ AI to learn which of a countless number of persuasive design elements will keep users hooked. A persuasion profile of a particular user™s unique vulnerabilities is developed in real time and exploited to keep users on the site and make them return again and again for longer periods of time. This drives up profits for consumer internet companies whose revenue is based on how much their products are used.

Clandestine techniques that manipulate users to fulfill a profit motive are regarded by programmers as dark design. Why would firms resort to such tactics? As former tech executive Bill Davidow says in his Atlantic articleExploiting the Neuroscience of Internet Addiction, The leaders of Internet companies face an interesting, if also morally questionable, imperative: either they hijack neuroscience to gain market share and make large profits, or they let competitors do that and run away with the market.

There are few industries as cutthroat and unregulated as Silicon Valley. Social media and video game companies believe they are compelled to use persuasive technology in the arms race for attention, profits, and survival. Children™s well-being is not part of the decision calculus.

A Peek Behind the Curtain

While social media and video game companies have been surprisingly successful at hiding their use of persuasive design from the public, one breakthrough occurred in 2017 when Facebook documents were leaked to The Australian. The internal report crafted by Facebook executives showed the social network boasting to advertisers that by monitoring posts, interactions, and photos in real time, the network is able to track when teens feel insecure, worthless, stressed, useless and a failure. Why would the social network do this? The report also bragged about Facebook™s ability to micro-target ads down to moments when young people need a confidence boost.

Persuasive technology™s use of digital media to target children, deploying the weapon of psychological manipulation at just the right moment, is what makes it so powerful. These design techniques provide tech corporations a window into kids™ hearts and minds to measure their particular vulnerabilities, which can then be used to control their behavior as consumers. This isn™t some strange future¦ this is now. Facebook claimed the leaked report was misrepresented in the press. But when child advocates called on the social network to release it, the company refused to do so, preferring to keep the techniques it uses to influence kids shrouded in secrecy.

Digital Pied Pipers

The official tech industry line is that persuasive technologies are used to make products more engaging and enjoyable. But the revelations of industry insiders can reveal darker motives. Video game developer John Hopson, who has a Ph.D. in behavioral and brain science, wrote the paper Behavioral Game Design. He describes the use of design features to alter video game player behavior, sounding much like an experimenter running lab animals through their paces, answering questions such as: How do we make players maintain a high, consistent rate of activity? and How to make players play forever.

Revealing the hard science behind persuasive technology, Hopson says, This is not to say that players are the same as rats, but that there are general rules of learning which apply equally to both. After penning the paper, Hopson was hired by Microsoft, where he helped lead the development of the Xbox Live, Microsoft™s online gaming system. He also assisted in the development of Xbox games popular with kids, including those in the Halo series. The parents I work with simply have no idea about the immense amount of financial and psychological firepower aimed at their children to keep them playing video games forever.

Another persuasive technology expert is Bill Fulton, a game designer who trained in cognitive and quantitative psychology. He started Microsoft™s Games User-Research group before founding his own consulting agency. Fulton is transparent about the power of persuasive design and the intent of the gaming industry, disclosing in Big Four Accounting Firm PwC™s tech business journal: If game designers are going to pull a person away from every other voluntary social activity or hobby or pastime, they™re going to have to engage that person at a very deep level in every possible way they can.

This is a major effect of persuasive design today: building video games and social media products so compelling that they pull users away from the real world to spend their lives in for-profit domains. But to engage in a pursuit at the expense of important real-world activities is a core element of addiction. And there is increasing evidence that persuasive design has now become so potent that it is capable of contributing to video game and internet addictionsdiagnoses that are officially recognized in China, South Korea, and Japan, and which are under consideration in the U.S.

Not only does persuasive design appear to drive kids™ addictions to devices, but knowledge of addiction is used to make persuasive design more effective at hijacking the mind. As Dopamine Labs™ Ramsay Brown acknowledges in an episode of CBS™s 60 Minutes, Since we™ve figured to some extent how these pieces of the brain that handle addiction are working, people have figured out how to juice them further and how to bake that information into apps.

Stealing from Childhood

The creation of digital products with drug-like effects that are able to pull a person away from engaging in real-life activities is the reason why persuasive technology is profoundly destructive. Today, persuasive design is likely distracting adults from driving safely, productive work, and engaging with their own childrenall matters which need urgent attention. Still, because the child and adolescent brain is more easily controlled than the adult mind, the use of persuasive design is having a much more hurtful impact on kids.

Persuasive technologies are reshaping childhood, luring kids away from family and schoolwork to spend more and more of their lives sitting before screens and phones. According to a Kaiser Family Foundation report, younger U.S. children now spend 5 ½ hours each day with entertainment technologies, including video games, social media, and online videos. Even more, the average teen now spends an incredible 8 hours each day playing with screens and phones. Productive uses of technologywhere persuasive design is much less a factorare almost an afterthought, as U.S. kids only spend 16 minutes each day using the computer at home for school.

Quietly, using screens and phones for entertainment has become thedominant activity of childhood. Younger kids spend more time engaging with entertainment screens than they do in school, and teens spend even more time playing with screens and phones than they do sleeping. The result is apparent in restaurants, the car sitting next to you at the stoplight, and even many classrooms: Attesting to the success of persuasive technology, kids are so taken with their phones and other devices that they have turned their backs to the world around them. Hiding in bedrooms on devices, or consumed by their phones in the presence of family, many children are missing out on real-life engagement with family and schoolthe two cornerstones of childhood that lead them to grow up happy and successful. Even during the few moments kids have away from their devices, they are often preoccupied with one thought: getting back on them.

In addition to the displacement of healthy childhood activities, persuasive technologies are pulling kids into often toxic digital environments. A too frequent experience for many is being cyberbullied, which increases their risk of skipping school and considering suicide. And there is growing recognition of the negative impact of FOMO, or the fear of missing out, as kids spend their social media lives watching a parade of peers who look to be having a great time without them, feeding their feelings of loneliness and being less than.

A Wired Generation Falling Apart

The combined effects of the displacement of vital childhood activities and exposure to unhealthy online environments is wrecking a generation. In her recent Atlantic article, Have Smartphones Destroyed a Generation?, Dr. Jean Twenge, a professor of psychology at San Diego State University, describes how long hours spent on smartphones and social media are driving teen girls in the U.S. to experience high rates of depression and suicidal behaviors.

And as the typical age when kids get their first smartphone has fallen to 10, it™s no surprise to see serious psychiatric problemsonce the domain of teensnow enveloping young kids. Self-inflicted injuries, such as cutting, that are serious enough to require treatment in an emergency room, have increased dramatically in 10- to 14-year-old girls, up 19% per year since 2009.

While girls are pulled onto smartphones and social media, boys are more likely to be seduced into the world of video gaming, often at the expense of a focus on school. High amounts of gaming are linked to lower grades, so with boys gaming more than girls, it™s no surprise to see this generation of boys struggling to make it to college: a full 57% of college admissions are granted to young women compared with only 43% to young men. And, as boys transition to manhood, they can™t shake their gaming habits. Economists working with the National Bureau of Economic Research recently demonstrated how many young U.S. men are choosing to play video games rather than join the workforce.

As a child and adolescent psychologist myself, the inevitable conclusion is both embarrassing and heartbreaking. The destructive forces of psychology deployed by the tech industry are making a greater impact on kids than the positive uses of psychology by mental health providers and child advocates. Put plainly, the science of psychology is hurting kids more than helping them.

The Awakening

Hope for this wired generation has seemed dim until recently, when a surprising group has come forward to criticize the tech industry™s use of psychological manipulation: tech executives. Tristan Harris, formerly a design ethicist at Google, has led the way by unmasking the industry™s use of persuasive design. Interviewed in The Economist™s 1843 magazine, he says, The job of these companies is to hook people, and they do that by hijacking our psychological vulnerabilities.

Another tech exec raising red flags about his tech industry™s use of mind manipulation is former Facebook president Sean Parker. Interviewed in Axios, he discloses: The thought process that went into building these applications, Facebook being the first of them¦ was all about: ˜How do we consume as much of your time and conscious attention as possible?™ He also said that Facebook exploits vulnerability in human psychology and remarked, God only knows what it™s doing to our children™s brains.

A theme advanced by these tech execs is that the industry is unfairly using persuasive technology to gain a profit advantage. Consumer internet businesses are about exploiting psychology, Chamath Palihapitiya, a former Facebook VP says in a talk ironically given at B.J. Fogg™s Stanford University. We want to psychologically figure out how to manipulate you as fast as possible and then give you back that dopamine hit.

Having children of their own can change tech execs™ perspective. Tony Fadell, formerly at Apple, is considered the father of the iPad and also of much of the iPhone. He is also the founder and current CEO of Nest. A lot of the designers and coders who were in their 20s when we were creating these things didn™t have kids. Now they have kids, Fadell remarks, while speaking at the Design Museum in London. And they see what™s going on, and they say, ˜Wait a second.™ And they start to rethink their design decisions.

Marc Benioff, CEO of the cloud computing company Salesforce, is one of the voices calling for the regulation of social media companies because of their potential to addict children. He says that just as the cigarette industry has been regulated, so too should social media companies. I think that, for sure, technology has addictive qualities that we have to address, and that product designers are working to make those products more addictive, and we need to rein that back as much as possible, Benioff told CNBC in January, 2018, while in Davos, Switzerland, site of the World Economic Forum.

Benioff says that parents should do their part to limit their kids™ devices, yet expressed, If there™s an unfair advantage or things that are out there that are not understood by parents, then the government™s got to come forward and illuminate that. Since millions of parents, for example the parents of my patient Kelly, have absolutely no idea that devices are used to hijack their children™s minds and lives, regulation of such practices is the right thing to do.

Another improbable group to speak out on behalf of children is tech investors. Major Apple stockholdersthe hedge fund Jana Partners and California State Teachers™ Retirement System, which collectively own $2 billion in the firm™s stockhave recently raised concerns that persuasive design is contributing to kids™ suffering. In an open letter to Apple, the investors, teaming up with leading child technology experts, detailed evidence that kids™ overuse of phones and devices is leading to their increased risk of depression and suicide risk factors. Specifically calling out the destructive impact of persuasive technology, the letter reads: It is also no secret that social media sites and applications for which the iPhone and iPad are a primary gateway are usually designed to be as addictive and time-consuming as possible.

Going Lower

How has the consumer tech industry responded to these calls for change? By going even lower. Facebook recently launched Messenger Kids, a social media app that will reach kids as young as five years old. Suggestive that harmful persuasive design is now honing in on very young children is the declarationof Messenger Kids Art Director, Shiu Pei Luu, We want to help foster communication [on Facebook] and make that the most exciting thing you want to be doing.

Facebook™s narrow-minded vision of childhood is reflective of how out of touch the social network and other consumer tech companies are with the needs of an increasingly troubled generation. The most exciting thing for young children should be spending time with family, playing outside, engaging in creative play, and other vital developmental experiencesnot being drawn into the social media vortex on phones or tablets. Moreover, Facebook Messenger Kids is giving an early start to the wired life on social media that we know poses risks of depression and suicide-related behavior for older children.

In response to the release of Facebook™s Messenger Kids, the Campaign for a Commercial-Free Childhood (CCFC) sent Facebook a letter signed by numerous health advocates calling on the company to pull the plug on the app. Facebook has yet to respond to the letter and instead continues to aggressively market Messenger Kids for young children.

The Silence of a Profession

While tech execs and investors are speaking out against the tech industry™s psychological manipulation of children, the American Psychological Association (APA)which is tasked with protecting children and families from harmful psychological practiceshas been essentially silent on the matter. This is not suggestive of malice; instead, the APA leadershipmuch like parentsis likely unaware of the tech industry™s distorted use of psychology. Nonetheless, there is irony, as psychologists and their powerful tools are guided by ethics, while tech execs and investors are not.

The Ethics Code of the APA, U.S psychology™s chief professional organization, is quite clear: Psychologists strive to benefit those with whom they work and take care to do no harm. Moreover, APA Ethical Standards require the profession to make efforts to correct the misuse of the work of psychologists, which would include the application of B.J. Fogg™s persuasive technologies to influence children against their best interests. The code even provides special protection to kids because their developmental vulnerabilities impair autonomous decision making.

Manipulating children for profit without their own or parents™ consent, and driving kids to spend more time on devices that contribute to emotional and academic problems is the embodiment of unethical psychological practice. Silicon Valley corporations and the investment firms that support them are heavily populated by highly privileged white men who use concealed mind-bending techniques to control the lives of defenseless kids. Addressing this inequity is Tristan Harris, who says, Never before in history have basically 50 mostly men, mostly 20“35, mostly white engineer designer types within 50 miles of where we are right now [Silicon Valley], had control of what a billion people think and do. Harris was recounting an excerpt of a presentation he made while at Google during an interview with journalist Kara Swisher for Recode Decode in February of 2017.

Some may argue that it™s the parents™ responsibility to protect their children from tech industry deception. However, parents have no idea of the powerful forces aligned against them, nor do they know how technologies are developed with drug-like effects to capture kids™ minds. Parents simply can™t protect their children or teens from something that™s concealed and unknown to them.

Others will claim that nothing should be done because the intention behind persuasive design is to build better products, not manipulate kids. In fact, for those working in the user experience and persuasion fields, I™m sure there is no intent to harm children. The negative consequences of persuasive technology have been for the most part accidental, an unfortunate byproduct of an exceptionally competitive design process. However, similar circumstances exist in the cigarette industry, as tobacco companies have as their intention profiting from the sale of their product, not hurting children. Nonetheless, because cigarettes and persuasive design predictably harm children, actions should be taken to protect kids from their effects.

A Conscience in an Age of Machines

Since its inception, the field of persuasive technology has operated in a moral vacuum. The resulting tragedy is not surprising.

In truth, the harmful potential of using persuasive design has long been recognized. Fogg, himself, says in a 1999 journal article, Persuasive computers can also be used for destructive purposes; the dark side of changing attitudes and behaviors leads toward manipulation and coercion. And in a 1998 academic paper, Fogg describes what should happen if things go wrong, saying, if persuasive technologies are deemed harmful or questionable in some regard, a researcher should then either take social action or advocate that others do so.

More recently, Fogg has actually acknowledged the ill effects of persuasive design. Interviewed by Ian Leslie in 2016 for The Economist™s 1843 Magazine, Fogg says, I look at some of my former students and I wonder if they™re really trying to make the world better, or just make money. And in 2017 when Fogg was interviewed by 032c Magazine, he acknowledged, You look around the restaurants and pretty much everyone has their phone on the table and they™re just being constantly drawn away from the live face-to-face interactionI do think that™s a bad thing. Nonetheless, Fogg hasn™t taken meaningful action to help those hurt by the field he fathered. Nor have those in positions of power, with the recent exception of tech execs coming forward, done anything to limit the manipulative and coercive use of digital machines against children and teens.

So, how can children be protected from the tech industry™s use of persuasive design? I suggest turning to President John F. Kennedy™s prescient guidance: He said that technology has no conscience of its own. Whether it will become a force for good or ill depends on man. I believe that the psychology profession, with its understanding of the mind and ethics code as guidance, can step forward to become a conscience guiding how tech corporations interact with children and teens.

The APA should begin by demanding that the tech industry™s behavioral manipulation techniques be brought out of the shadows and exposed to the light of public awareness. Changes should be made in the APA™s Ethics Code to specifically prevent psychologists from manipulating children using digital machines, especially if such influence is known to pose risks to their well-being. Moreover, the APA should follow its Ethical Standards by making strong efforts to correct the misuse of psychological persuasion by the tech industry and by user experience designers outside the field of psychology.

There is more the psychology profession can and should do to protect children and rectify the harm being done to kids. It should join with tech executives who are demanding that persuasive design in kids™ tech products be regulated. The APA also should make its powerful voice heard amongst the growing chorus calling out tech companies that intentionally exploit children™s vulnerabilities. And the APA must make stronger and bolder efforts to educate parents, schools, and fellow child advocates about the harms of kids™ overuse of digital devices.

With each passing day, new and more influential persuasive technologies are being deployed to better take advantage of children™s and teens™ inherent limitations. The psychology profession must insist in this new age that its tools be used to improve rather than hinder children™s health and well-being. By making a strong statement against the exploitive use of persuasive design, the APA and the psychology profession can help provide the conscience needed to guide us in this age of dangerously powerful digital machines.


科技产业对儿童的战争

心理学是如何被用作对付儿童的武器的?

 

我们打电话给警察,因为她弄坏了她的房间,还打了她的妈妈¦都是因为我们拿了她的手机,  Kelly的爸爸解释道. 他说警察到来的那个晚上,Kelly已经心神错乱,并且告诉一名警官说她想自杀. 因此他们叫来了救护车, 这个15岁的女孩被绑在了轮床上, 被带到了精神病院,并且在被释放前都进行安全监控.住院几天后, Kelly被她的父母带到了我的办公室,他们想为他们陷入困境的女孩寻求帮助

Kelly的父母先开口说话了. 他们说, 他们女儿的住院治疗是她手机痴迷引发的长达一年的恶性循环的结果. Kelly曾一直拒绝与家人共度时光,或者专注于学校. 相反的, 她喜欢在社交媒体上过自己的生活. 曾经是一个快乐的女孩,坚强的学生, Kelly现在已经变得易怒,沉闷,还带着下降的成绩单回家.Kelly的父母在前几个月已经试过很多次限制他们女儿使用手机的次数,但是她越来越挑衅和欺骗,甚至整晚都在偷看手机。

Kelly最近的成绩单显示她那些不及格的成绩的时候,她的父母感觉到不得不采取行动了.他们在当天下午早些的时候告诉Kelly, 他们已经叫了警察,她需要在晚上9点前把手机上交. 但是时间到了的时候, Kelly拒绝了, 她和父母之间发生了一些推搡,在暴力事件之后, 女孩被送进了医院。

 

 Kelly的妈妈忍不住觉得他们让女儿失望了

   我问坐在角落里的Kelly, 请她帮我理解她关于那个晚上(发生的事情)的看法. 她没有回答我,相反的,她瞪着她的父母. 但接着, 让房间里每个人都很意外的是,她哭诉道, 他们抢走了我该死的手机!试图让Kelly参与对话, 我问她喜欢她手机和社交媒体里的哪些东西.它们让我觉得很快乐.她回答道。

 

家人的不作为

随着接下来几个月, Kelly和她的家人与我持续的约见, 两个问题主导了我们的会面. 第一个是Kelly对手机不健康的依恋继续存在,在家里造成了几乎持续的紧张氛围. 第二个问题出现在我和凯利的父母单独见面的时候. 尽管他们是有爱和参与的父母,凯利的母亲却忍不住觉得他们辜负了他们的女儿,并且一定是做了一些非常错误的事情导致了她的问题。

在我作为一个儿童和青少年心理学家的实践里,非常多是像凯利这样的家庭. 这些父母说他们的孩子过度使用手机,视频游戏和社交媒体是他们面临的最困难的育儿问题-而且,在很多情况下,这些正在拆散他们的家庭. 十几岁的孩子和青少年女孩拒绝离开手机,尽管很明显这些设备让他们痛苦不堪.我也看到了太多的男孩子痴迷游戏,导致他们放弃对学校,课外活动和其他任何有益的事物的兴趣. 其中一些男孩,因为他们到了十几岁的青少年,使用他们的强大的身躯来恐吓那些试图设定游戏限制的父母. 贯穿其中许多案件的一个共同点是父母的负罪感,因为很多人认为肯定是他们做了一些事情让他们的孩子走上了破坏性的道路。

 

这些父母都不明白的是,他们的孩子和青少年对科技的破坏性的痴迷,是科技行业与心理学之间几乎未被承认的合并的可预见的结果. 这一联盟将消费科技行业的巨额财富与最复杂的心理学研究结合起来, 这使得开发具有类似毒品效力的社交媒体、视频游戏和手机的成为可能,从而诱惑年轻用户。

 

这些父母并不知道,潜伏在他们孩子的屏幕和手机背后的是众多的心理学家,神经科学家和社会科学专家,他们利用他们心理脆弱性知识来设计产品,吸引孩子的注意力,以牟取行业利益. 这些父母和世界上大多数人还没有掌握的是,心理学””一种我们将其与治疗联系在一起的学科””现在正被用作对付儿童的武器。

 

机器被设计用来改变人类

坐落在加州帕洛阿尔托斯坦福大学校园里的一栋不起眼的建筑里,是斯坦福大学的劝导技术实验室,成立于1998年。该实验室的创建者, B.J. Fogg博士是一位心理学家,也是劝导技术之父,在这个学科中,数字机器和应用程序””包括智能手机、社交媒体和视频游戏””被配置为改变人类的思想和行为。正如该实验室的网站大胆宣称的那样:机器被设计用来改变人类。

Fogg公开表示,有能力使用智能手机和其他数字设备来改变我们的想法和行动:我们现在可以创造出能够改变人们的想法和人们的行为的机器,而机器可以自主地做到这一点。被称为百万富翁制造者,Fogg先生培养了以前的学生,他们用他的方法开发了现在消耗孩子们生活的技术。正如他最近在他的个人网站上所吹嘘的那样,我的学生经常做开创性的项目,他们在离开斯坦福后继续在现实世界中产生影响¦¦例如,Instagram已经影响了超过8亿人的行为。这位联合创始人是我的学生。

 

有趣的是,有迹象表明,Fogg正感受到来自最近对使用数字设备改变行为的审查的热度。他对Instagram的吹嘘言论,在他的网站上显示直到20181月,已经被删除。Fogg的网站最近也经历了一次实质性的改变,因为他现在似乎在暗示他的工作有慈善的目的,他说:我教好人行为是如何产生作用的,这样他们就可以创造出能让世界各地的人们受益的产品和服务。同样,斯坦福大学说服技术实验室网站乐观地宣称,说服性技术可以在许多领域带来积极的变化,包括健康、商业、安全和教育。我们还相信,技术的新进步能在30年内促进世界和平。

尽管Fogg强调劝导式设计的光明未来,但他对现在令人不安的现实却漠不关心:技术行业正在利用隐藏的影响技术来吸引和利用用户牟利。他的热情愿景也很容易地忽略了这一代的孩子和青少年,他们有着高度可塑性的思想,被不可见的力量所操纵和伤害。

 

武器化说服

如果你还没有听说过有说服力的技术,那就不是偶然的””科技公司宁愿它呆在阴影里,因为我们大多数人都不想被控制,并且对孩子们被操纵以获取利润有一种特殊的厌恶感。说服性技术(也被称为劝导式设计)是通过故意创造数字环境来实现的,用户觉得可以满足他们基本的人类欲望””社交或获得目标””比现实世界的选择要好。孩子们在社交媒体和视频游戏环境中花费了无数的时间来追求朋友游戏点等级””因为这是一种刺激,他们相信这能让他们快乐和成功,而且他们发现这比做那些困难但重要的童年活动要容易得多。

 

被社会排斥的恐惧是否应该被用来强迫孩子们强制性地使用社交媒体?

 虽然说服技巧在成人身上效果很好,但它们在影响仍然成熟的儿童和青少年大脑方面特别有效。 电子游戏比我们文化中的任何东西都要好,它能给人们带来回报,尤其是青少年。Fogg 十几岁的男孩天生就会寻求能力。去掌握我们的世界,在事物上做得更好。电子游戏,在分发奖励的时候,可以向人们传达他们的能力在增长,每一秒你都在变得更好。这是一种说服性的设计,它帮助说服了这一代的男孩,他们通过在游戏网站上花费无数的时间来获得能力,而可悲的现实是,他们被锁在房间里玩游戏,无视学校,不发展大学和雇主所要求的现实世界的能力。

同样地,社交媒体公司使用有说服力的设计来满足对青春期前和十几岁的孩子,尤其是女孩来,对在社会上取得成功的愿望。这种驱动被植入我们的DNA中,因为现实世界的关系技能促进了人类的进化。赫芬顿邮报的一篇文章在一个少女的iPhone上发生了什么,描述了来自新泽西州米尔本的14岁的凯西的生活。她在Instagram上有580个好友,在Facebook上有1,110名好友,与她的同龄人相比,她专注于自己的Facebook个人主页上的,。就像她说的,如果你没有得到100个赞,你让别人分享,你就会得到100个。否则你就会心烦。每个人都想得到最多的。这就像一场人气竞赛。

文章作者Bianca Bosker说,凯西对手机的痴迷是有代价的,指出,女孩的手机,无论是FacebookInstagram还是iMessage,都在不断地把她从家庭作业、睡眠或与家人的谈话中拉出来。凯西说,她希望她能放下电话。但她做不到。 我会在早上醒来,然后去Facebook¦因为, 她说,这不是我想要这样或者不想要这样。我只是继续。我,就好像,是被迫去做的。我不知道为什么。我需要这样做。Facebook占据了我的整个人生。

 

很重要的却没有被问到的问题

Fogg可能不是一个家喻户晓的名字,但是财富杂志称他为你应该知道的新导师,他的研究正在推动世界范围内的用户体验(UX)设计师,他们利用并扩展他的劝导式设计模型。正如福布斯杂志作家Anthony Wing Kosner所指出的,在当前这一代用户体验(UX)设计师中,没有人能像斯坦福大学的研究员B.J. Fogg那样有影响力。

用户体验设计师来自许多学科,包括心理学、大脑和计算机科学。然而,一些UX研究的核心是利用心理学来利用我们人类的弱点。当目标是孩子时,这尤其有害。正如Kosner在福布斯的文章中所引用,FacebookTwitter,谷歌,凡是你能说出来的,这些公司一直在用电脑来影响我们的行为。然而,行为改变背后的驱动力不是电脑。缺失的环节不是技术,而是心理学,Fogg说。

用户体验研究人员不仅经常关注Fogg的设计模型,而且有些人可能也会认同他明显的倾向,即忽视了劝导式设计的广泛影响。他们专注于手头的任务,打造能更好地吸引用户注意力的数字机器和应用,迫使用户一次又一次地返回,并发展企业的底线。更少被考虑的可能是,世界上的孩子们是如何受到成千上万的用户体验设计师的影响,他们同时工作,以牺牲现实生活为代价,将他们拉到大量的数字设备和产品上。

根据B.J.Fogg的说法,Fogg行为模型是一种经过良好测试的改变行为的方法,它的简化形式包含三个主要因素:动机、能力和触发因素。这位心理学家在一篇学术论文中说,他的公式是如何有效地让人们使用社交网络的。他说,一个关键的激励因素是用户对社会接受的渴望,尽管他说,一个更强大的动机是避免被社会排斥。关于能力,Fogg建议,应该制作数字产品,这样用户就不必辛苦思考。因此,社交网络是为便于使用而设计的。最后,Fogg说,潜在用户需要被触发去使用一个网站。这是通过无数的数字技巧,包括不断的发送通知敦促用户查看朋友的照片,告诉他们不再社交网络的时候会错过什么,或者建议他们检查是的再次--看是否有人喜欢他们的文章或照片。

Fogg的公式是建立价值数十亿美元的社交媒体和游戏公司的蓝图。然而,关于将说服性技术转变为对儿童和青少年的影响的道德问题却没有被问及。例如,对社会排斥的恐惧是否会被用来强迫孩子们强制性地使用社交媒体?把孩子们从需要脑力劳动的学校任务中引诱出来,这样他们就可以在社交网络上度过他们的生活,或者玩一些完全不需要他们思考的视频游戏,这样做是可以的吗?而且,不停地让孩子们使用产生收益的数字产品,而牺牲了与家庭和其他重要的现实生活活动的关系,这是可以的吗?

 

大脑黑客

说服性技术之所以有效,是因为它们明显引发了多巴胺的释放,多巴胺是一种强大的涉及奖励,注意力和上瘾的神经递质。洛杉矶的威尼斯地区,现在被称为硅海滩,启动多巴胺实验室吹嘘其使用有说服力的技术来增加利润:将你的应用连接到我们有说服力的人工智能上,通过给你的用户提供完美的多巴胺,将你的参与度和收入提升到30% 还有多巴胺的爆发不仅仅让人感觉良好:它被证明可以重新连接用户的行为和习惯。

多巴胺实验室的创始人拉姆齐布朗在一篇科学论文中说,我们现在已经开发出了一种人类思维的严格技术,这既令人兴奋又令人恐惧。我们有能力在我们构建的机器学习控制面板中转动一些旋钮,在世界各地,成千上万的人会悄悄地改变他们的行为方式,他们不知道的是,他们感觉自己是第二天性,但实际上是通过设计来实现的。 程序员们称其为大脑黑客,因为它迫使用户花更多的时间在网站上,尽管他们错误地认为这是由于他们自己的有意识选择。

 

这些设计技术为科技公司提供了一个窗口,让他们了解孩子的内心和想法。

 社交网络和视频游戏使用的是可信赖的大脑操纵技术,即变量奖励(想想老虎机)。用户永远不知道他们什么时候会得到下一个喜欢或游戏奖励,而且它是在完美的时候提供的,以培养最大的刺激,并将它们保存在网站上。计算机的银行雇佣人工智能来学习,无数的有说服力的设计元素会让用户着迷。对特定用户的独特漏洞的说服性配置是实时开发的,并利用它来让用户停留在站点上,并让他们在更长的时间内反复返回。这将推高消费者互联网公司的利润,这些公司的收入是基于他们的产品的使用程度。

操纵用户以实现盈利动机的秘密技术被程序员视为黑暗的设计。为什么公司会采取这样的策略?大西洋前技术执行官比尔达维多在他的文章说道利用网络成瘾的神经科学,互联网公司的领导人面对一个有趣的,(如果也是被道德所质疑的),不可避免的问题:要么他们劫持神经科学来获得市场份额和巨额利润,或者他们让竞争对手去做,并带着市场份额逃跑。

很少有像硅谷那样残酷和不受监管的行业。社交媒体和视频游戏公司认为,他们被迫在军备竞赛中使用有说服力的技术来获得关注、利润和生存。孩子们的幸福不是决策结构的一部分。

 

帷幕背后的窥视

尽管社交媒体和视频游戏公司出人意料地成功地将其使用的说服性设计从公众中隐藏起来,但在2017年,当Facebook的文件被泄露给了澳大利亚人时,出现了一个重大的突破。Facebook高管精心制作的内部报告显示,社交网络向广告商吹嘘,通过实时监控帖子、互动和照片,网络能够追踪青少年感到不安全毫无价值压力无用失败的情况。为什么社交网络会这么做?该报告还吹嘘说,Facebook有能力将广告细分为年轻人需要信心提升的时刻

说服性技术使用数字媒体来瞄准儿童,在适当的时候部署心理操纵的武器,这就是它如此强大的原因。这些设计技术为科技公司提供了一扇窗口,让他们了解孩子的内心和想法,以衡量他们的特殊弱点,然后就可以用来控制他们作为消费者的行为。这不是什么奇怪的未来¦这就是现在。Facebook声称,泄露的报告在媒体上被歪曲了。但是,当儿童权益倡导者呼吁社会网络公开它时,该公司拒绝这样做,而是倾向于保留他们所用的技术来影响被秘密笼罩着的孩子们。

官方的技术产业线是,有说服力的技术被用来使产品更吸引人、更有趣。但业内人士的爆料可能揭示出更黑暗的动机。视频游戏开发者John Hopson,他拥有行为和大脑科学的博士学位,他写了一篇论文行为游戏设计。他描述了使用设计功能来改变视频游戏玩家的行为,听起来就像一个实验员通过他们的补发来操作实验动物,回答诸如:我们如何让玩家保持高效、一致的活动率?以及如何让玩家永远玩下去

揭示说服技术背后的硬科学,霍普森说:这并不是说球员和老鼠是一样的,而是有普遍的学习规则,这两种规则都是一样的。在写完这篇论文后,霍普森被微软聘用,在那里他帮助领导了Xbox Live的开发,这是微软的在线游戏系统。他还协助开发了深受孩子们欢迎的Xbox游戏,包括《光晕系列》游戏。与我一起工作的父母根本不知道,(商家的火力瞄准他们的孩子)需要大量的金钱和精力,以让他们的孩子永远玩电子游戏。

另一位有说服力的技术专家是比尔富尔顿,他是一名游戏设计师,曾接受过认知和定量心理学的培训。在创立自己的咨询公司之前,他创立了微软的游戏用户研究小组。富尔顿是公开了说服性设计的力量和游戏产业的目的,披露在四大会计师事务所普华永道科技商业日报:如果游戏设计者要拉一个人远离其他自愿社会活动,爱好或者消遣, 们将不得不尽可能地以非常深刻的方式让那个人参与其中。

这是今天劝导式设计的一个主要影响:制作视频游戏和社交媒体产品,如此引人注目,以至于他们把用户从现实世界中拉出来,把他们的生命花在营利性领域。但是,以牺牲重要的现实世界活动为代价来进行追求是上瘾的一个核心要素。越来越多的证据表明,有说服力的设计已经变得如此强大,以至于它能够为视频游戏和网络成瘾做出贡献-- 这些诊断在中国,韩国和日本得到官方认可,且美国正在考虑中。

劝导式设计不仅会让孩子们对设备上瘾,而且还会利用上瘾的知识使劝导式设计更有效地劫持大脑。正如多巴胺实验室的Ramsay Brown在哥伦比亚广播公司的60分钟节目中所承认的那样,由于我们已经在某种程度上意识到,这些处理成瘾问题的大脑是如何运作的,人们已经找到了如何进一步提高它们的能量,以及如何将这些信息植入应用中的方法。

 

从童年开始盗走

创造具有类似药物效果的数字产品,能够把一个人拉走,使其无法参与现实生活中的活动,这就是为什么有说服力的技术具有深远的破坏性的原因。今天,有说服力的设计可能会让成年人分心,让他们远离安全驾驶、高效的工作,和自己的孩子接触””所有这些都需要紧急关注。尽管如此,由于儿童和青少年的大脑比成年人的大脑更容易控制,所以使用劝导式设计对孩子的有害影响更大。

说服性技术正在重塑童年,引诱孩子远离家庭和家庭作业,在屏幕和手机前花费越来越多的时间。根据凯萨家庭基金会的一份报告,美国的年轻孩子们每天要花5个半小时的时间来娱乐科技,包括视频游戏、社交媒体和在线视频。更重要的是,现在的青少年平均每天要花8个小时在屏幕前和手机上。技术的有效利用””在这里说服性设计是一个很微小的因素””几乎是一个事后的添加的说辞,因为美国孩子每天只花16分钟在家里用电脑学习。

拥有自己的孩子可以改变科技行业高管的偏见

不知不觉地,用屏幕和手机来娱乐已经成为儿童时期的主要活动。年轻的孩子花更多的时间在娱乐屏幕上,而不是在学校里,青少年花在屏幕和手机上的时间比睡觉的时间要长。这样的情形明显的表现在餐馆里,停在你旁边的车辆上,甚至很多教室里:都证明了说服性技术的成功,孩子们被他们的手机和其他设备所吸引,他们已经把周围的世界扔到了他们的背后。躲在卧室里,或者在家人的陪伴下仍然沉浸在手机里,许多孩子都错过了与家庭和学校接轨的现实生活””这是让他们童年的两大基石,使孩子能快乐顺利地成长。即使是在孩子们远离他们的设备的那几分钟里,他们也常常会全神贯注于一个想法:重新回到手机旁。

除了取代健康的童年活动之外,有说服力的技术正在把孩子们拉进有毒的数字环境中。对许多人来说,过于频繁的被网络欺凌的经历,增加了他们逃学和自杀念头的风险。越来越多的人开始意识到FOMO的负面影响,或者害怕错过,因为孩子们在社交媒体上的生活是看着一群在没有他们(父母)的情况下玩得很开心的人,这在他们内心注满了孤独感和不足感。

 

有线的一代分崩离析

重要的童年活动的转移和对不健康的网络环境的暴露,这一综合影响正在破坏一代人的生活。在她最近的大西洋文章中,智能手机是否摧毁了一代人?美国圣地亚哥州立大学的心理学教授让特文格博士描述了花费长时间在智能手机和社交媒体上,是如何促使美国的少女们经历了高频率抑郁和自杀行为。

当孩子们第一次使用智能手机的年龄已经下降到10岁时,看到严重的精神问题已经不奇怪了””曾经是青少年的领域””现在已经包围了年幼的孩子。自2009年以来,1014岁的女孩中,每年有高达19%的比例的女孩因自残而受伤,严重到需要在急诊室接受治疗。

当女孩们被吸引到智能手机和社交媒体上时,男孩们更有可能被引诱到视频游戏的世界里,而这往往是以牺牲学校学习为代价的。大量的游戏与较低的学习分数有关,所以男孩比女孩玩得更多,看到这一代的男孩在努力挣扎考上大学,就并不奇怪了:57%的大学录取是给年轻女性的,相比之下,年轻男性只有43%。而且,随着男孩们逐渐走向成年,他们无法摆脱自己的玩游戏的习惯。与美国国家经济研究局合作的经济学家最近证实,有多少美国年轻人选择玩电子游戏,而不是加入劳动大军。

作为一个儿童和青少年心理学家,不可避免的结论既令人尴尬,又令人心碎。科技行业所采用的心理学破坏性力量对孩子的影响,比心理健康提供者和儿童倡导人士对心理学积极使用产生的影响更大。简单地说,心理学科学对孩子的伤害大于对他们的帮助。

 

觉醒

直到最近,这个有线时代的希望似乎有了一丝暗淡的光亮,一个令人惊喜的团体站出来批评科技行业对心理操纵的使用:科技行业的高管们。曾在谷歌担任设计伦理学家的特里斯坦哈里斯,通过揭露该行业对劝导式设计的使用,引领了这一过程。在经济学人1843年的杂志采访中,他说,这些公司的工作是吸引人们,他们通过劫持我们的心理弱点来做到这一点。

这些科技高管提出的一个主题是,该行业不公平地使用说服技术来获得利润优势。消费者互联网企业是在利用心理学,Facebook副总裁Chamath PalihapitiyaB.J. Fogg斯坦福大学的讽刺演讲中说。我们想要从心理上知道如何尽快地控制你,然后再给回你多巴胺的刺激。

拥有自己的孩子可以改变科技行业高管的视角。曾供职于苹果公司的Tony Fadell,被认为是iPad之父,也是iPhone的鼻祖。他还是Nest的创始人和现任CEO很多20多岁的设计师和程序员在创造这些东西的时候都没有孩子。现在他们有了孩子, Fadell在伦敦的设计博物馆演讲时说。他们看到了发生了什么,他们说,等一下。™ 他们开始重新思考他们的设计决策。

马克¢本尼奥夫是云计算公司Salesforce的首席执行官,他是呼吁对社交媒体公司进行监管的声音之一,因为它们有可能让儿童上瘾。他说,就像香烟行业受到监管一样,社交媒体公司也应该受到监管。我想,可以肯定的是,我们必须解决技术令人上瘾的特质,产品设计师正在努力让这些产品更让人上瘾,我们需要尽可能的去控制这些产品,贝尼奥夫于20181,在瑞士达沃斯举行的世界经济论坛时告诉CNBC

Benioff说父母应该尽自己的一份力量来限制孩子们使用设备,但也表示,如果有不当之利,或者是父母不理解的东西,那么政府就必须站出来阐明这一点。因为数以百万计的父母,例如我的患者凯利的父母,完全不知道这些设备被用来绑架孩子的思想和生活,对这种做法的监管是正确的。

 

父母根本无法保护他们的孩子或青少年免受隐匿的或者他们所未知的事物的伤害

 另一个代表儿童发言的不太可能的群体是科技投资者。苹果公司的主要股东””对冲基金Jana Partners和加州州立教师退休系统””共同拥有20亿美元的公司股票””最近引起了人们的担忧,即劝导式设计是造成孩子们的痛苦的原因之一。在一封致苹果的公开信中,投资者与领先的儿童技术专家合作,详细证明了孩子过度使用手机和设备会增加患抑郁症和自杀的风险。信中特别指出了说服性技术的破坏性影响,信中写道:iPhoneiPad作为主要门户的社交媒体网站和应用程序通常被设计成让人上瘾和耗时,这也不是什么秘密。

 

更年幼化

消费科技行业如何应对这些要求变革的呼声?通过使产品更年幼化Facebook最近推出了Messenger Kids,这是一款5岁孩子都可以使用的社交媒体应用。暗示有害的说服性设计现在正在对非常年幼的孩子进行磨练, 这是Messenger Kids总监,Shiu Pei Luu的宣言我们想要帮助促进Facebook上的交流,让这成为你想要做的最令人兴奋的事情。

Facebook对童年的狭隘观念反映出,社交网络和其他消费科技公司是如何与日益困扰的一代的需求脱节的。对于小孩子来说,最令人兴奋的事情应该是和家人在一起,在户外玩耍,参与创造性游戏,以及其他重要的发展经历””而不是被卷入手机或平板电脑的社交媒体漩涡中。此外,Facebook Messenger Kids在社交媒体上早早就开始了有线生活,我们知道这些社交媒体会给年龄较大的孩子带来抑郁和与自杀相关行为的风险。

为了响应FacebookMessenger Kids发布,非商业化童年的运动(CCFC)Facebook发送了一封由许多健康倡导者签名的信,呼吁该公司取消该应用程序。Facebook尚未回复这封信,而是继续积极地为年幼的孩子推销Messenger Kids

 

 

一种职业的沉默

尽管科技行业的高管和投资者公开反对科技行业对儿童的心理操纵,但美国心理学会(APA””负责保护儿童和家庭免受有害心理行为的影响””在这件事上基本上保持沉默。这并不是恶意的暗示;相反,美国心理协会的领导层””很像那些家长””很可能没有意识到科技行业对心理学的扭曲使用。尽管如此,具有讽刺意味的是,心理学家和他们强大的工具都是以道德为指导,而科技行业的高管和投资者则不然。

美国心理学的首席专业组织APA的道德准则非常明确:心理学家努力让那些和他们一起工作的人受益,并小心翼翼地不伤害他们。此外,美国心理协会的道德标准要求这个行业努力纠正心理学家的误用,其中包括运用B.J.福克的说服技术来影响孩子们的最佳利益。这段代码甚至为孩子们提供了特殊的保护,因为他们有发展性的弱点削弱了自主决策

在没有得到父母同意的情况下操纵孩子的利益,并驱使孩子们花更多的时间在那些导致情感和学术问题的设备上,这是不道德的心理实践的体现。硅谷的公司和支持他们的投资公司都是由高度特权的白人男性组成的,他们使用隐蔽的精神扭曲技术来控制毫无防备的孩子们的生活。强调这一不平等问题的是特里斯坦哈里斯,他说:历史上从未有过50个主要是男性,主要是2035岁的人,大部分是白人工程师,在我们现在的硅谷50英里范围内,控制着10亿人的想法和行动。哈里斯在20172月接受记者Kara Swisher采访Recode Decode期间,讲述了他在Google期间所做的演讲摘录。

一些人可能会说,保护他们的孩子免受科技行业的欺骗应该是父母的责任。然而,父母们并不知道这些与他们对抗的强大的力量,也不知道技术是如何用毒品般的效果来捕捉孩子们的思想的。父母根本无法保护他们的孩子或青少年免受那些隐藏和未知的事物的伤害。

另一些人则声称,不应该采取任何行动,因为说服性设计背后的意图是建立更好的产品,而不是操纵孩子。事实上,对于那些在用户体验和说服领域工作的人来说,我敢肯定他们没有伤害孩子的意图。说服性技术的负面影响在很大程度上是偶然的,这是一个异常竞争的设计过程中不幸的副产品。然而,烟草行业也存在类似的情况,因为烟草公司有意从销售产品中获利,而不是伤害儿童。尽管如此,由于香烟和劝导式设计可以预见到伤害儿童,应该采取行动保护孩子免受其影响。

 

机器时代的良知

自成立以来,说服性技术领域一直处于道德真空中。由此产生的悲剧并不令人意外。

事实上,使用劝导式设计的有害潜能早已被意识到。福克本人在1999年的一篇期刊文章中说,说服性计算机也可以用于破坏性的目的;改变态度和行为的阴暗面导致了操纵和胁迫。1998年的一篇学术论文中,福克描述了如果事情出了差错,应该会发生什么。他说,如果有说服力的技术在某些方面被认为是有害的或者可疑的的,那么研究人员就应该采取社会行动,或者提倡其他人这样做。

最近,福克先生已经承认了劝导式设计的不良影响。在经济学人1843杂志上,伊恩莱斯利在2016年采访了他,福克说:我看着我以前的一些学生,我想知道他们是不是真的想让这个世界变得更好,或者只是为了赚钱。在2017年,当福克接受032c杂志采访时,他承认,你环顾四周,几乎每个人都把手机放在桌子上,他们只是不断地远离面对面的交流””我确实认为这是件坏事。尽管如此,福克并没有采取有意义的行动来帮助那些被他的成果所伤害的人。最近除了技术高管的之外,那些有权力地位的人也没有采取任何措施来限制对儿童和青少年使用数字机器的操纵和强制性使用。

那么,如何保护儿童不受科技行业使用说服性设计的影响呢?我建议转向约翰肯尼迪总统的先见之明:他说,技术它本身没有道德心。它是否会成为一种好的或者坏的力量,取决于人。 我相信,心理学专业,以其对精神和道德准则的理解为指导,可以向前迈进,成为一种道德指导,指导科技公司如何与儿童和青少年互动。

美国心理协会应该首先要求科技行业的行为操纵技术从阴影中走出来,并暴露在公众意识的光芒之下。在美国心理协会的道德规范中,应该做出一些改变,以防止心理学家使用数字机器来操纵孩子,特别是如果这种影响被认为会对他们的健康造成威胁的话。此外,美国心理协会应该遵循其道德标准,努力纠正科技行业和心理学领域之外的用户体验设计师滥用心理说服的行为。

 

心理学专业可以而且应该做更多的事情来保护孩子,挽救对孩子们造成的伤害。它应该与那些技术高管们联合起来,他们要求对儿童科技产品中有说服力的设计进行监管的。美国心理协会也应该在越来越多的呼吁中发出强有力的声音,召唤那些有意利用儿童弱点的科技公司。美国心理协会必须做出更有力、更大胆的努力,教育家长、学校和儿童权益倡导者,让他们了解孩子过度使用数字设备的危害。

随着时间的推移,新的、更有影响力的说服技术正在被部署,以更好地利用儿童和青少年的固有限制。在这个新时代,心理学专业必须坚持使用它的工具来改善而不是阻碍儿童的健康和福祉。通过发表一份强有力的声明来反对使用说服性设计,美国心理协会和心理学专业可以帮助提供我们在这个危险的强大的数字机器时代指导我们所需的良知。

 


怎么知道你是否在恋爱!

 真爱的十个测试 作者:威廉¢奥尔 正确思考的力量

How To Tell If You™re In Love “ 10 Tests For True Love

 

雷梅博士 (by William W. Orr)     左同文 黄宗石

 

Downloads in Chinese and English:

Test Number One - PDF document

Test Number One - Word document

Test Number Two - PDF document Test Number Two - Word document
Test Number Three - PDF document Test Number Three - Word document
Test Number Four - PDF document Test Number Four - Word document
Test Number Five - PDF document Test Number Five - Word document
Test Number Six -  PDF document Test Number Six -  Word document
Test Number Seven -  PDF document Test Number Seven -  Word document
Test Number Eight -  PDF document Test Number Eight -  Word document
Test Number Nine -  PDF document Test Number Nine -  Word document
Test Number Ten -  PDF document Test Number Ten -  Word document


有关信徒地位的原则

PRINCIPLE OF POSITION

迈尔斯•斯坦福(MILES J. STANFORD  

Downloads in Chinese and English:

Chapter One - PDF document

Chapter One - Word document

Chapter Two - PDF document Chapter Two - Word document
Chapter Three - PDF document Chapter Three - Word document
Chapter Four - PDF document Chapter Four - Word document
Chapter Five - PDF document Chapter Five - Word document
Chapter Six - PDF document Chapter Six - Word document
Chapter Seven - PDF document Chapter Seven - Word document
Chapter Eight - PDF document Chapter Eight - Word document
Chapter Nine - PDF document Chapter Nine - Word document
Chapter Ten - PDF document Chapter Ten - Word document

 


五種愛的語言 Five Love Languages - Gary Chapman    
 
隨著時日的增長﹐夫妻在婚姻中共有的 人事物會越來越多(小孩﹑財產﹑家 庭﹑親友﹑共同的回憶﹑共同渡過的 歲月¦)﹐但是最重要的是夫妻之間的愛情是否越來越深﹑越醇﹑ 越真﹑越強﹖夫妻之間 要有三種感情﹕愛情﹑友情﹑恩情﹐三情交織在一 起﹐剪不斷﹑理還亂﹗它們像愛之樹的三條根﹐盤根錯結纏在一起﹐ 卻只開一種花朵。這棵樹要我們好好澆灌﹑好好栽培﹐惟有天主叫它生長。

 

•                         (以弗所書 5:22) 順服丈夫 你們作妻子的,當順服自己的丈夫,如同順服主。
•                         (以弗所書 5:25) 愛妻子 你們作丈夫的,要愛你們的妻子,正如基督愛教會,為教會捨己。
•                         (提多 書 2:4) 愛丈夫 好指教少年婦人,愛丈夫,愛兒女。
•                         (歌林多前書 3:6) 我栽種了,亞波羅澆灌了,惟有天主叫它生長。

 

愛情絕對是婚姻的基礎。樹愈高愈大﹐所需要的水就愈多。同理﹐隨著年日的過去﹐婚姻愈久﹐所需要愛情的澆灌也就愈多﹗ 如何澆灌我們的婚姻呢﹖溝通。要溝通就要懂對方的語言。愛情也是一樣﹐根據人類學家蓋瑞巧門
(Gary Chapman) 的研究﹐有五種基本的語言:

 

五種愛的語言,向配偶表達真心的承諾。
Five Love Languages help people speak and understand emotional love.

 

1. 肯定的話 Affirmation 馬克吐溫: 一句恭維的好話﹐我可以活兩個月。人人都需要肯定。 男女有別﹐一般說來﹐男人在這方面需要的比女人多。 
肯定的話﹑欣賞的話﹑鼓勵的話﹑感激的話﹑讚美的話﹑恭維的話﹑感性的話﹑幽默的話。

 

2. 相處時間 Quality Time 女人比較在意的是相處的時間。許多妻子所求於丈夫的不是鑽戒﹐ 而是相處時光﹐就是倆人耗在一起﹐什麼事都不做也罷﹐你看我﹑我看你。 
專門陪他﹐切莫他說他的﹑你做你的。對方說話時﹐要注視對方﹐ 深情款款。要洗耳恭聽﹐耐心傾聽﹐不打岔﹐從頭聽到尾。注意對方的肢體語言。聽話中話而有感情共鳴﹐所謂心有靈犀一點通。

 

3. 會心禮物 Receiving Gifts 愛對方就會送他禮物。會心禮物﹐並不一定值得很多錢﹐ 但它卻是無價之寶。

 

4. 愛的服事 Acts of Service 如果你愛一個人﹐自然想要為他做一些事。夫妻之愛也是如此﹔ 反過來說﹐如果夫妻有一邊不為對方做些事﹐對方的感受是﹕你是不是不愛我了﹖

 

5. 親密接觸 Physical Touch 親密接觸包括一同坐在沙發上﹑牽手﹑親熱﹑擁抱﹑親吻﹐ 當然還有性生活。

 


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